Symptoms of Lupus Erythematosus
Lupus erythematosus, commonly known simply as lupus, is an autoimmune disease that can affect multiple systems in the body. It is essential to recognize the symptoms, as they can vary greatly from person to person. Below are some of the key symptoms associated with lupus:
1. Skin Symptoms
- Malar Rash: A characteristic “butterfly” rash appears across the cheeks and nose.
- Photosensitivity: Increased sensitivity to sunlight, leading to rashes or worsening of symptoms.
- Discoid Rash: Circular, red patches on the skin that can be raised or scaly.
2. Joint Symptoms
- Arthritis: Painful and swollen joints, often in a symmetrical pattern.
- Joint Stiffness: Stiffness, especially in the morning or after periods of inactivity.
3. Systemic Symptoms
- Fatigue: Persistent and overwhelming tiredness that does not improve with rest.
- Fever: Unexplained fevers may occur regularly.
- Weight Changes: Unexplained weight loss or gain can be common in lupus patients.
4. Organ-Specific Symptoms
- Kidney Issues: Inflammation of kidneys (lupus nephritis) may cause swelling in the legs or high blood pressure.
- Cardiovascular Problems: Increased risk of heart disease and inflammation of the heart lining (pericarditis).
- Neurological Symptoms: Headaches, confusion, and seizures may occur as lupus affects the nervous system.
5. Hematological Symptoms
- Anemia: Low red blood cell count leading to fatigue and weakness.
- Leukopenia: Low white blood cell count increases the risk of infections.
- Thrombocytopenia: Low platelet count can lead to easy bruising and bleeding.
Recognizing the symptoms of lupus is crucial for early diagnosis and management. If you or someone you know experiences these symptoms, it is essential to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and treatment.
